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An important aspect of macrophage biology highly
2022-08-26

An important aspect of macrophage biology, highly influenced by HO-1 activity, is macrophage polarization. The broadest classification, based on the in vitro stimulation, surface marker expression, and inflammatory cytokines production, describes macrophages as classically activated, proinflammatory
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br Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog
2022-08-26

Hedgehog pathway The Hedgehog pathway (Fig. 1) derives its name from Hh gene mutant Drosophila, which presents a spiked phenotype resembling the animal “hedgehog” [13]. The Hh proteins control embryonic development in vertebrates, where the signaling mechanisms mediated by the proteins are multip
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Apo E is defined as a polym
2022-08-26

Apo E is defined as a polymorphic protein arising from three alleles. The human Apo E gene was widely studied and described to be located on chromosome 19, closely linked to the Apo C-I/C-II gene complex [9]. The three major alleles, termed Epsilon-2, Epsilon-3 and Epsilon-4 have been reported [10].
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction The glutathione S transf
2022-08-26

Acknowledgements Introduction The glutathione S-transferase (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) family of multifunctional enzymes plays a particularly important role in cellular detoxification [1]. Over-expression of the GSTP1 isoform characterizes many human tumor cell lines derived from stomach, brain and co
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In comparing the amounts of total GST activity of
2022-08-26

In comparing the amounts of total GST activity of the rabbit cornea, porcine cornea and Hemicornea construct (Fig. 4A), the construct was found to exhibit an obviously lower level of GST activity. To assess these findings, it 3254 receptor will be necessary to compare them to the level in the human
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Despite the association with asthma
2022-08-26

Despite the association with asthma, it is not surprising that we did not find a relation between the percent predicted FEV1 and SNPs in GSNOR. FEV1 measured on a routine clinic visit is likely to be normal in most asthmatic children. FEV1 in children reflects a complex mix of factors in the growth
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TC 14012 br Acknowledgements br Introduction The
2022-08-26

Acknowledgements Introduction The study methods consisted of the review of articles included in the Pubmed and Medline databases and in the clinicaltrials.gov clinical trials register between 2013 and 2016, and of the preliminary results of therapies presented at international trichology confe
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br Introduction Cell surface receptors are central
2022-08-26

Introduction Cell surface receptors are central to the interaction of cells with their surroundings and play an important role in determining functional responses. These receptors are integral membrane proteins responsible for the binding of extracellular signaling molecules and transduction into
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Many studies support that the increase
2022-08-26

Many studies support that the increase of P4 improves embryonic survival and reduces embryonic losses in ruminants [6,[18], [19], [20]]. However, experimental results are variable, contradictory and often inconclusive results. Certain studies showed that administration of GnRH or hCG after artificia
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br Brief overview of the glutamate system and
2022-08-26

Brief overview of the glutamate system and rationale for targeting the glycine site of NMDARs In the central nervous system (CNS), glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter and works in concert with gamma-aminobutyric GSK2126458 (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter. Together,
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To further investigate the molecular mechanisms that underli
2022-08-26

To further investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie glycine's β-cell protective effects through its antioxidative activity in diabetes, we used a H2O2/high glucose-induced apoptosis cell model. Similar effects on ROS generation of high glucose and H2O2 support the in vivo results, suggesti
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One way to approach this
2022-08-25

One way to approach this unifying hypothesis will be to compare the effects of the PBR/VDAC ligands on these processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that the three ligands of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor, i.e. PK 11195, Ro5-4864 and diazepam reduce membrane transport and conductance i
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The identity of the K transport pathway
2022-08-25

The identity of the K+ transport pathway activated by NEM remains unclear. The pathway does not require the presence of Gardos channel KCNN4 or K–Cl cotransporters KCC3 and KCC1, but like these pathways is sensitive to the presence of hemoglobin S or other sickling hemoglobins. Although partially se
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GLP-2 (rat) Galanin mediates its activity by binding to thre
2022-08-25

Galanin mediates its activity by binding to three G-protein coupled receptor subtypes (designated GAL1-GAL3). Since GAL3 mRNA is found mainly in regions of the mesolimbic dopamine system, such as the ventral tegmental area, dorsal raphe nucleus, LC, amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, NAc
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br Materials and methods br Results and discussion br
2022-08-25

Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684), and also by t
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